Windows 10 End of Support: What Year 2 of Extended Security Updates Costs Small Businesses

Updated 31 October 2026: Year 2 of business ESU has now started, and Microsoft has extended the consumer program to October 2027. Both changes are covered below.

If you are still running Windows 10 on any machine in your business, it just got more expensive to keep doing that. Windows 10 end of support happened back on 14 October 2025, and the safety net Microsoft put underneath it, the paid Extended Security Updates program, has a clock on it too. Year 1 of that program has ended, and Year 2 costs exactly double. If you let the October date slide past without deciding, the decision is still sitting on your desk, and it costs more every year you leave it.

Here is the part that catches most small business owners off guard. This is not really a technical decision. It is a money decision, and a "do I even know what I own" decision. Both of those are squarely in your lap, whether or not you have anyone who handles IT.

What actually happened to Windows 10

Microsoft stopped supporting Windows 10 on 14 October 2025. In plain terms, that means no more free security updates for the operating system. The machines still turn on, still run your accounting software, still open email. Nothing breaks on day one. That is exactly why so many businesses did nothing.

But an operating system that stops getting security patches is a slow leak, not a burst pipe. Every month that passes, researchers and attackers find new holes, and yours never get fixed. It is the same arithmetic that makes ordinary patch management matter, except here there is no patch coming at all. Roughly 30 percent of HP's installed base was still on Windows 10 in mid 2026, according to HP's chief financial officer, Karen Parkhill, speaking to investors in late May. That is not a handful of stragglers. That is a huge number of businesses, many of them small, running machines that quietly stopped receiving protection almost a year ago.

To soften the blow, Microsoft offered a paid lifeline called Extended Security Updates, or ESU. Pay per device, keep getting the critical security patches. It buys time. It does not solve the underlying problem, and it was always designed to get more expensive the longer you lean on it.

The October 2026 price jump

Here is how the ESU pricing actually works for businesses, and why the date matters so much.

Year 1 of business ESU cost $61 USD per device. Year 2, which began in October 2026, costs $122 per device. Year 3 costs $244 per device. The price doubles every single year, on purpose. Microsoft is not trying to make ESU a comfortable place to live. It is a ramp designed to push you off it.

So if you were paying $61 a device to stay on Windows 10, that number is now $122. For a business with ten Windows 10 machines, that is a jump from $610 to $1,220 for the same protection on the same aging computers. Next year it doubles again.

If you never signed up for Year 1, it is worse. Microsoft sells ESU by the year and the years are cumulative, so joining in Year 2 means paying for Year 1 as well. That is $183 a device to start today, not $122. It also lands on top of the Microsoft 365 price increase that hit in July, so for a lot of businesses this is the second Microsoft bill to go up inside a year.

There is one more wrinkle worth knowing, and it changed in June. The consumer ESU program, the cheap or free version aimed at personal PCs, was originally a single year ending in October 2026. Microsoft quietly extended it to 12 October 2027, and machines already enrolled carry over automatically. That sounds like good news for a small team with a few laptops on Windows 10 Home, and for now it is. But the consumer program is for personal devices. It is not available on machines joined to a company directory or managed through a device management tool, and Microsoft has not said whether 2027 is the last extension. Treat it as one more year to plan, not a plan.

There is also a discount most owners miss. If your devices are managed through a Microsoft cloud tool like Intune or Windows Autopatch, Microsoft priced Year 1 at $45 instead of $61, roughly 25 percent off. Useful if you already run those tools. Not worth adopting them just for the discount if you do not.

Your three real options, and what each one costs

Strip away the noise and you have three choices. Every business lands on one of them.

Option 1: Keep paying for ESU

This is the "buy time" option. You keep the machines, you pay the per-device fee, and you keep getting security patches. It makes sense in narrow cases: a machine running one piece of old software that cannot move yet, or a business that genuinely cannot fund replacements this quarter.

The trap is that ESU feels cheap in Year 1 and stops feeling cheap fast. At $61 a device it looks like a bargain next to a new computer. At $122, then $244, over three years you spend $427 per device to keep a computer that is getting older and slower the whole time. You are renting time on a depreciating asset. Fine as a bridge. Terrible as a plan.

Option 2: Upgrade eligible PCs to Windows 11

If a computer meets the Windows 11 hardware requirements, the upgrade itself is free. This is the best-value option when it is available, because you spend nothing on licensing and the machine keeps getting supported for years.

The catch is the requirements. Windows 11 needs specific hardware, including a security chip called TPM 2.0 and a recent enough processor. A lot of perfectly functional Windows 10 machines, especially anything bought before around 2018, simply do not qualify. You cannot tell by looking at them. A three-year-old laptop that runs fine today might still fail the check. That is why this option always comes with a compatibility audit, not a guess.

Option 3: Replace the hardware

For machines that cannot run Windows 11, replacement is the honest answer. A new business-grade Windows 11 PC runs somewhere between $400 and $1,200 depending on what the person actually does all day.

It is the biggest upfront cost and, for older machines, usually the smartest one. A five-year-old computer is already costing you in slow boot times, failed updates, and the quiet productivity tax of waiting for things to load. Replacing it solves the support problem and the performance problem at once. The mistake is treating every Windows 10 machine as a replacement when some of them just need the free Windows 11 upgrade instead.

The maths most small businesses get wrong

The expensive error is not picking the wrong option. It is applying one option to every machine.

Businesses tend to do one of two things. They panic and replace everything, spending thousands on new hardware when half the fleet could have upgraded to Windows 11 for free. Or they freeze and put the whole fleet on ESU, quietly signing up for a bill that doubles every year on computers that are only getting older.

The right answer is almost always a mix. Some machines upgrade free. Some get replaced because they are old and slow anyway. A small number sit on ESU for a year because a specific app is not ready to move. But you can only build that mix if you know, machine by machine, what you have and what each one can do.

That is the step that gets skipped, and it is the one that decides whether you overspend or not.

Why you cannot make this call without a hardware list

Here is the uncomfortable question. Right now, without walking around the office or opening a cupboard, can you say exactly how many computers your business runs, how old each one is, and which ones can take Windows 11?

Most small business owners cannot. And that is not a criticism. When you are running everything, the computers are just there until one stops working. But this decision is impossible to get right without that list. You cannot price ESU without a device count. You cannot separate the free upgrades from the forced replacements without knowing each machine's specs. You cannot budget without knowing how many fall into each bucket.

This is the blind spot the October price jump exposes, the hardware version of the dormant accounts nobody remembers creating. The businesses that will handle this well are not the ones with the biggest budgets. They are the ones who can see their own hardware clearly enough to make each call on its merits, and who act before it doubles again.

The ones who struggle are the ones guessing. They will either over-order new machines, keep paying a rising ESU bill out of habit, or worse, miss a few laptops entirely and leave them running unpatched because nobody remembered they existed. An untracked machine is the one that quietly becomes the way in, and unpatched machines are exactly how ransomware keeps landing on small local businesses.

A simple plan for the next month

You do not need a project plan. You need a list and a few decisions. Here is the whole thing.

First, write down every Windows machine in the business. Every desktop, every laptop, including the spare in the drawer, the one the part-timer uses, and anything staff take home. If it runs Windows and touches your work, it goes on the list. That includes anything handed back by someone who has left, which is one more reason offboarding should end with the hardware accounted for.

Second, for each one, note how old it is and whether it can run Windows 11. Windows has a built-in check for this, and any competent IT person can tell you in minutes. This splits your list into three piles: upgrade free, needs ESU for now, or replace.

Third, add up the real cost of each path across the next year, not just the next month. Compare the ESU bill at the doubled Year 2 rate against the one-time cost of upgrading or replacing. For most older machines, the replacement wins once you look past the first year.

Fourth, act on the easy wins now. The free Windows 11 upgrades cost you nothing but a bit of time, and every machine you move off Windows 10 is one less ESU bill next October, when Year 3 doubles the price again.

Do that much and you have turned a vague, rising bill into a short, costed list of decisions. That is the entire job.

Where Vera fits

Everything above depends on one thing: a clear, current list of the hardware you own. That is exactly what Vera is built to give small businesses.

Vera keeps a live picture of every device in your business, how old each one is, and where it sits in its warranty life, all in one place instead of a spreadsheet someone updated eight months ago. When a deadline like Windows 10 end of support lands, you are not guessing or counting laptops by hand. You open the dashboard, see which machines are old enough to be in question, and make each call with the facts in front of you. It is the visibility that used to require paying a managed IT provider, sized and priced for a business with a handful of staff.

Windows 10 end of support is the kind of thing that punishes businesses for not being able to see their own gear. If you have been meaning to get that visibility sorted, this is a good reason to finally do it. The free IT health checkup takes about five minutes and gives you a read on where the rest of your setup stands. Do that, build the list, and you will know exactly what you own and what each machine is going to cost you before the next price jump.